HONORING TRAILBLAZERS OF THE PAST & INSPIRING LEADERS OF THE FUTURE
"Every moment is an organizing opportunity, every person a potential activist, every minute a chance to change the world." ~ Dolores Huerta
"El arte es un lenguaje internacional, entendido por todos". ~ Igor Babaílov
EINSTEIN said, “Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited. Imagination encircles the world.”
"La imaginación es más importante que el conocimiento. El conocimiento es limitado. La imaginación rodea el mundo.”
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In terms of political psychology, motivation is viewed as goal-oriented behavior driven by a need for four things; power, affiliation, intimacy, and achievement.[20] These categories were grouped by Winter (1996) from Murray's (1938) twenty suggested common human goals. Need for power affects the style in which a leader performs. Winter and Stewart (1977) suggested that leaders high in power motivation and low in need of affiliation intimacy motivation make better presidents. Affiliation-motivated leaders alternatively tend to collaborate joint efforts in the absence of threat. Lastly, achievement motivation has demonstrated to not correspond with political success, especially if it is higher than power motivation (Winter, 2002), Wikipedia
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En términos de la psicología política, la motivación se ve como un comportamiento orientado a un objetivo impulsado por la necesidad de cuatro cosas; poder, afiliación, intimidad y logro.[20] Estas categorías fueron agrupadas por Winter (1996) a partir de las veinte metas humanas comunes sugeridas por Murray (1938). La necesidad de poder afecta el estilo en el que se desempeña un líder. Winter y Stewart (1977) sugirieron que los líderes con alta motivación de poder y baja necesidad de afiliación motivación de intimidad son mejores presidentes. Los líderes motivados por la afiliación, alternativamente, tienden a colaborar en esfuerzos conjuntos en ausencia de amenazas. Por último, se ha demostrado que la motivación de logro no se corresponde con el éxito político, especialmente si es superior a la motivación de poder (Winter, 2002), Wikipedia
To be a successful leader in the political area, one needs to be honest, deferential, self-aware, a good listener, confident, educated, and
courageous. Citizens want to support politicians who are sincere and
whose hearts are in the right place, working for those who votes for them and their policies, not for their own gain.
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Para ser un líder exitoso en el área política, uno necesita ser honesto, respetuoso, consciente de sí mismo, un buen oyente, seguro de sí mismo, educado y valiente. Los ciudadanos quieren apoyar a los políticos sinceros y cuyos corazones están en el lugar correcto, trabajando para aquellos que votan por ellos y sus políticas, no para su propio beneficio.
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We want self-determination for Puerto Ricans—Liberation on the island and inside the United States. We want self-determination for all Latinos. We want liberation for all third world people. We are revolutionary nationalists and oppose racism. We want community control of our institutions and land. We want true education of our creole culture. We oppose capitalists and alliances with traitors. We oppose the amerikkkan military. We want freedom for all political prisoners. We want equality for women. Machismo must be revolutionary ... not oppressive. We fight anti-Communism with international unity. We believe armed self-defense and armed struggle are the only means to liberation. We want a socialist society.[21]
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Documentary Chronicles Historic 1970 Young Lords Occupation of Lincoln Hospital in the Bronx
Dr. Maya Angelou, American Poet & Civil Rights Activist
Felipe Luciano was born "Phillip" in 1947 in Spanish Harlem and was raised by his mother, Aurora, who was a devout Pentecostal Christian.[5] Luciano describes the public housing project where they lived as "the craphole of the world," saying, "no one ever placed as his or her first choice on the Housing Authority application, 'Brookline Projects.'"[6] He feels that his childhood was cut short, in large part due to the absence of his father.[4] At age 12 he became part of a gang called the Canarsie Chaplain Division, which was made up of "guys who would go hard if forced to, but would rather look good, go to school, and talk to the ladies.”
Felipe attended Queens College as a political science major. He joined The Last Poets, and co-founded the New York chapter of the Young Lords. (It was during this time that he changed his name to Felipe, a move that can be understood as a means of emphasizing his Puerto Rican identity). Later, he had a successful career as a journalist and television and radio show host, and continues to be a well-respected public figure today.
When Luciano was 16, he initiated a fight with a member of a different gang who had attacked his brother. The fight resulted in the target being fatally stabbed, though not by Luciano himself.[6] Nevertheless, Luciano was convicted of manslaughter and served two years in prison.[4] Some understanding of Luciano's feelings about his incarceration may be gleaned from a speech he gave in 2010 at the commencement ceremony for inmates receiving bachelor's and associate's degrees from the college program at Sing Sing Prison. Speaking to the graduates, he said, "Prison is the place where faith is tested. You are here because you were there. But if you pass this, you are good to go."
Writing about Luciano's background and upbringing, the New York Times reported, "Because he is Black and Puerto Rican, an ex-con and a poet, the father of a Navy man and the son of a single mother, Mr. Luciano can wear many hats with ease. With a Haitian, he debates the history of the Caribbean. With an African-American, he talks as if he had just come out of the ghetto (in fact, he has lived on the Upper East Side for many years). With Hispanic guests to his show, he reverts to short, endearing phrases in Spanish."[1] In this way, his work, art, and activism connect to the larger project of fighting anti-Blackness within the Latinx community and to uplifting Black Latinx stories, experiences, art, and visions of liberation.
When asked,
"What do we as Black people need to do to empower ourselves?"
He answered,
There are three things we need to do:
1) We need to believe in an entity greater than ourselves and our ancestors
2) We need to educate ourselves because reading is so important. This digital thing has us isolated
3) We need to travel. If I could take every Black child and move them to different parts of America, you will understand that we are not just Black. This is ours. This is our damn land. We planted the cotton, we planted the corn, we planted the potatoes. We did it all! The dollars that this nation has accumulated comes from Black labor. If it had not been for cotton, this country would be dead. Let’s be honest...
~ Felipe Luciano
*Recipient of the Katherine Hepburn Award, honoring women who change the World
**Sotomayor is the first woman of color, first Hispanic, and first Latina member of the Supreme Court
The Honorable Sonia Sotomayor is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, appointed by President Barack Obama in 2009 after leadership as an assistant district attorney, in private practice, and across a distinguished judicial career. She is the third woman to be appointed to the Supreme Court and the first Hispanic and Latina Justice in the Court’s 230 years.Justice Sotomayor was born in the Bronx, New York to working-class parents. She and her family lived in a low-income housing project and experienced financial hardship, but Sotomayor’s mother placed great emphasis on the importance of education—and it paid off. Justice Sotomayor went on to earn a B.A. from Princeton University in 1976, graduatingsumma cum laude. In 1979, she earned a J.D. from Yale Law School where she served as an editor of the Yale Law Journal.She thereafter served as Assistant District Attorney in the New York County District Attorney’s Office from 1979–1984. She then litigated international commercial matters in New York City at Pavia & Harcourt, where she was an associate and then partner from 1984–1992. In 1991, President George H.W. Bush nominated her to the U.S. District Court, Southern District of New York, and she served in that role from 1992–1998. She then served as a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1998–2009. President Barack Obama nominated her as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court on May 26, 2009, and she assumed this role August 8, 2009. During her tenure on the Supreme Court, Sotomayor has been identified with concern for the rights of defendants, calls for reform of the criminal justice system, and making impassioned dissents on issues of race, gender, and ethnic identity. A recipient of the Katherine Hepburn Award from Bryn Mawr College honoring women who change the world, Sotomayor has also received multiple honorary degrees.
"I do believe that every person has an equal opportunity to be a good and wise judge regardless of their background or life experiences." ~
Sonia Sotomayor
Co-founder, National Farmworkers Association, which eventually become the United Farm Workers (UFW)
Dolores Clara Fernandez Huerta is one of the most influential labor activists of the 20th century and a leader of the Chicano civil rights movement. Born on April 10, 1930 in Dawson, New Mexico, Huerta was the second of three children of Alicia and Juan Fernandez, a farm worker and miner who became a state legislator in 1938. Her parents divorced when Huerta was three years old, and her mother moved to Stockton, California with her children. Huerta’s grandfather helped raise Huerta and her two brothers while her mother juggled jobs as a waitress and cannery worker until she could buy a small hotel and restaurant. Alicia’s community activism and compassionate treatment of workers greatly influenced her daughter. Discrimination also helped shape Huerta. A schoolteacher, prejudiced against Hispanics, accused Huerta of cheating because her papers were too well-written. In 1945 at the end of World War II, white men brutally beat her brother for wearing a Zoot-Suit, a popular Latino fashion. Huerta received an associate teaching degree from the University of the Pacific’s Delta College. She married Ralph Head while a student and had two daughters, though the couple soon divorced. She subsequently married fellow activist Ventura Huerta with whom she had five children, though that marriage also did not last. Huerta briefly taught school in the 1950s, but seeing so many hungry farm children coming to school, she thought she could do more to help them by organizing farmers and farm workers. In 1955 Huerta began her career as an activist when she co-founded the Stockton chapter of the Community Service Organization (CSO), which led voter registration drives and fought for economic improvements for Hispanics. She also founded the Agricultural Workers Association. Through a CSO associate, Huerta met activist César Chávez, with whom she shared an interest in organizing farm workers. In 1962, Huerta and Chávez founded the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA), the predecessor of the United Farm Workers’ Union (UFW), which formed three year later. Huerta served as UFW vice president until 1999. Despite ethnic and gender bias, Huerta helped organize the 1965 Delano strike of 5,000 grape workers and was the lead negotiator in the workers’ contract that followed. Throughout her work with the UFW, Huerta organized workers, negotiated contracts, advocated for safer working conditions including the elimination of harmful pesticides. She also fought for unemployment and healthcare benefits for agricultural workers. Huerta was the driving force behind the nationwide table grape boycotts in the late 1960s that led to a successful union contract by 1970. In 1973, Huerta led another consumer boycott of grapes that resulted in the ground-breaking California Agricultural Labor Relations Act of 1975, which allowed farm workers to form unions and bargain for better wages and conditions. Throughout the 1970s and ‘80s, Huerta worked as a lobbyist to improve workers’ legislative representation. During the 1990s and 2000s, she worked to elect more Latinos and women to political office and has championed women’s issues. The recipient of many honors, Huerta received the Eleanor Roosevelt Human Rights Award in 1998 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2012. As of 2015, she was a board member of the Feminist Majority Foundation, the Secretary-Treasurer Emeritus of the United Farm Workers of America, and the President of the Dolores Huerta Foundation.
“Every moment is an organizing opportunity, every person a potential activist, every minute a chance to change the world.”
The foundation of my beliefs is the same as it was when I was 10. Non-violence.
If people have to put labels on me, I'd prefer the first label to be human being, the second label to be pacifist, and the third to be folk singer.
From the beginning, the life’s work of Joan Baez was mirrored in her music. At a point when it was neither safe nor fashionable, she put herself on the line, singing about freedom and Civil Rights everywhere, from the backs of flatbed trucks in Mississippi to the steps of the Lincoln Memorial at Dr. King’s March on Washington in 1963. She participated in the birth of the Free Speech movement at UC Berkeley, and co-founded the Institute For The Study Of Nonviolence near her home in Carmel Valley. She stood in fields alongside Cesar Chavez and migrant farm workers striking for fair wages, and opposed capital punishment during a Christmas vigil at San Quentin.
Joan Baez has long been a musical and social force of nature of incalculable influence. She marched in Northern Ireland with the Irish Peace People in 1978, appeared at rallies on behalf of the nuclear freeze movement, and performed at benefit concerts to defeat California legisla-tion that would have banned openly gay people from teaching in public schools.
She received the American Civil Liberties Union’s Earl Warren Award for her commitment to human and civil rights issues; and founded the Humanitas International Human Rights Commit¬¬tee, which she headed for 13 years. She dedicated her first entirely Spanish album to Chileanos who suffered under the rule of Augusto Pinochet. In 1981, hostile authoritarian regimes across Latin America tried to prevent her concerts there – three decades later, her return tour of 1984 was heralded as a triumphant success.
Joan was a fixture on Amnesty International’s Conspiracy of Hope tour in 1986, with U2, Peter Gabriel, Sting and others. Her 1989 concert in Czechoslovakia was cited by President-to-be Vaclav Havel as a tipping point in the Velvet Revolution that established the Czech Republic. In 1993, Joan was in war-torn Bosnia-Herzegovina, at the invitation of Refugees International. A year later she was singing to her friend and mentor Pete Seeger at the Kennedy Center Honors in Washington, D.C. The Four Voices benefit concerts with Mary Chapin Carpenter and the Indigo Girls that took place later on in the 1990s (reprised for eleven shows in 2017), reinforced Joan’s belief in the new generation of songwriters’ ability to speak to her. The 1995 live album Ring Them Bells expanded on the Four Voices format (featuring duets with Mary Chapin Carpenter, the Indigo Girls, Dar Williams, Janis Ian, and more). It was followed by Gone From Danger (1997), with songs from a new generation of songwriters including Dar Williams, Richard Shindell, Sinéad Lohan, and others. Into the new millennium, Joan received a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 49th annual Grammy Awards® in 2007, where she introduced the Dixie Chicks (now known as the Chicks) and saluted their courage to protest the Iraq war. She stood with old friend Nelson Mandela in London’s Hyde Park as the world celebrated his 90th birthday in 2008.
Since she retired from active performing, Joan has been able to focus her talents in the visual arts on painting and drawing, creating art with a social conscience. Her second “Mischief Makers” exhibition – portraits of risk-taking visionaries who have fought for social change through nonviolent action took place from January 1 through February 14. In celebration of the Joan's 80th birthday, a reception was streamed on her birthday, January 9 with an interview with Baez, a virtual tour of her exhibition, Mischief Makers 2, music, memories and even some dancing!
"It seems to me that those songs that have been any good, I have nothing much to do with the writing of them. The words have just crawled down my sleeve and come out on the page."
From The Intelligencer
Even her haters call her a “generational talent,” a disparagement candy-wrapped as a compliment, the implication being that the astonishing rise of Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez was somehow encoded in her DNA. Frame a thing as expected and it can be discounted. But rewind five years and it becomes clear just how unprecedented her rise has been. “Women like me aren’t supposed to run for office,” she said at the start of her journey to Washington. She was only stating facts. Months before AOC became the new face of the Democratic Party, she was working in a bar where she was expected to look “hot,” riding the 6 train, fretting about health insurance, and not really sure what she wanted to do with her life. Her victory on June 26, 2018, over her mainstream Democratic opponent, Joe Crowley, was a marker delineating the moment after which American politics would never be the same. It established AOC’s prodigious political gifts while showcasing a new sort of Democratic candidate and a new way of recruiting them. Barack Obama, previous holder of the “generational talent” title, may have resembled Ocasio-Cortez in some ways. Brown-skinned, good looking, with his own misadventures in the postcollegiate wilderness, he challenged political convention even as he titillated its guardians. But he had a résumé — the first Black president of the Harvard Law Review, constitutional-law professor at the University of Chicago — that the Democratic-consultant class could easily recognize and safely admire. The Establishment didn’t know what to make of AOC. As she put it in an interview then, “If a spaceship landed in your backyard, it’s like, ‘What the fuck is that? Is it going to hurt me?’ ” Latina and working class, Ocasio-Cortez was demographically distinct from her new colleagues in Congress. She also represented a new generation. With the skills of a social-media influencer, Ocasio-Cortez helped bring the millennials and their younger siblings into battle. She was cool, gorgeous, a digital polyglot — she streamed, she posted, she tweeted — but she also loved literature, photography, and fashion. Her leftist mission, her savantlike communication skills, and her moral ferocity propelled her rise, but what people loved about her, at the beginning, was that she was regular. Not, like Crowley and other career pols, ostentatiously folksy. Ocasio-Cortez was really regular: vulnerable, fun, someone you might actually know, like your friend’s roommate. As Americans turn their attention to this midterm year, Ocasio-Cortez has shown that her brand of politics can be formidable. With more than 20 million followers on Twitter and Instagram combined, and the ability to raise $20 million mostly in small-dollar donations in a single campaign cycle, she has amassed so much power that she is a human incendiary device. But as her public persona eclipses the waitress who launched that out-of-nowhere run against Crowley four years ago, she is in danger of becoming more prop than person. Whether the Democrats keep Congress or lose it in 2022, the result will be cast by the natterers as her influence or her fault. The transformation of Ocasio-Cortez from lost millennial into the incarnation of every American hope and fear has been dizzying. It might serve at this moment to look away from the blinding star she has become and to the mechanics of her rise, for it’s there that the arguments for optimism lie. Since she was elected with the help of former operatives in the Bernie Sanders presidential campaign, her greatest achievements have been a new generation’s continued interest in politics and the door she has left wide open behind her. Blacks, Hispanics, Asians, Native Americans, and women are entering Congress in historic numbers, though there are still surely not enough to be truly representative. If not for Ocasio-Cortez, there would have been no Squad, and the Congressional Progressive Caucus would not have evolved into a powerhouse. At the very beginning, before she had been elected to anything, Ocasio-Cortez revealed her mission in what would become her mantra. “We can only accomplish great things together,” she said.
"To me, what socialism means is to guarantee a basic level of dignity. It's asserting the value of saying that the America we want and the America that we are proud of is one in which all children can access a dignified education. It's one in which no person is too poor to have the medicines they need to live."
A veteran of the 1969 Stonewall Inn uprising, Sylvia Rivera was a tireless advocate for those silenced and disregarded by larger movements. Throughout her life, she fought against the exclusion of transgender people, especially transgender people of color, from the larger movement for gay rights. Rivera was born in New York City in 1951 to a father from Puerto Rico and a mother from Venezuela. She was assigned male at birth and given the name Ray. Rivera had an incredibly difficult childhood. Her father was absent and her mother died by suicide when Rivera was 3 years old. Raised by her grandmother, Rivera began experimenting with clothing and makeup at a young age. She was beaten for doing so and, after being attacked on a school playground in Sixth Grade by another student, suspended from school for a week. Rivera ran away from home at age 11 and became a victim of sexual exploitation around 42nd Street. In 1963, Rivera met Marsha P. Johnson and it changed her life. Johnson, an African American self-identified drag queen and activist, was also battling exclusion in a movement for gay rights that did not embrace her gender expression. Rivera said of Johnson that “she was like a mother to me.”
Sylvia Rivera Law Project continues her legacy that “all people are respected for who they are"
Rivera is possibly most well known for her participation in the Stonewall riots of 1969, an event that revolutionized the gay rights movement. However, Rivera’s relationship with organizations like the Gay Activists Alliance, which formed as a result of the riots, was not an easy one, as the GAA frequently rejected the role transgendered individuals (the majority of whom were people of color) played in Stonewall. After several setbacks from within mainstream gay organizations, Rivera organized the Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries (STAR) with her friend Marsha P. Johnson, an African American transgender woman. STAR became a space to organize and discuss issues facing transvestites in New York City. In addition, Rivera and Johnson started STAR House in order to assist the homeless in the gay community, with a focus on LGBT people of color. Rivera explained in 1998, “Marsha and I decided it was time to help each other and help our other kids. We fed people and clothed people. We kept the building going. We went out and hustled the streets. We paid the rent.” Though Rivera was only nineteen herself, she became like a mother to many of the residents at STAR House, and she and Johnson helped to form a home and family for those who needed it most. Rivera’s legacy has led to organizations like the Sylvia Rivera Law Project, which “works to guarantee that all people are free to self-determine their gender identity and expression, regardless of income or race.” The SRLP provides much-needed legal services for those who cannot afford representation. This organization is continuing Rivera’s lifelong work to ensure a stable and safe existence for transgender, intersex, and gender nonconforming people.
I am tired of seeing homeless transgender children; young, gay, youth children...I decided it was time to help each other and help our other kids. We fed people and clothed people. We kept the building going. We went out and hustled the streets. We paid the rent.”
First Hispanic Woman in the Florida House of Representatives
Congresswoman Ileana Ros-Lehtinen was born on July 15, 1952 in Havana, Cuba. She and her family fled the communist regime and settled in Miami, Florida where she attended Southside Elementary in Little Havana. After moving to Westchester, a suburb of Miami-Dade County, Ileana graduated from West Miami Middle School and Southwest Miami Senior High School. She continued her education at Miami Dade College where she obtained her Associates of Arts degree. A proud Golden Panther, Ileana obtained her Bachelors and Masters Degrees in education at Florida International University. In 2004, Congresswoman Ros-Lehtinen completed her Doctorate degree from the University of Miami in Coral Gables. Developing a passion for teaching from an early age, Ileana became a Florida certified teacher and founded Eastern Academy, a private elementary school in Hialeah where she served as a teacher and school principal. Through meetings with hundreds of parents who were struggling to attain the American dream of home ownership and saving for their children’s future education, Ileana became inspired to help those in her community by running for public office. In 1982, Ileana began her series of “firsts” by becoming the first Hispanic woman in the Florida House of Representatives. Soon after, in 1986, she became the first Hispanic woman in the Florida Senate. Upon her election to the United States Congress in 1989, she had the honor of being the first Hispanic woman elected to Congress, in addition to being the first Cuban-American in Congress. While in the Florida Senate, Ileana sponsored the legislation for the Florida Pre-Paid College Tuition Program, which is now the largest pre-paid college tuition program in the nation. Since its inception in 1987, over 1.6 million families have used this vital tool to foster a better future for their children by ensuring a college education. After winning a special election in 1989 to fill the U.S. Congressional seat held by the late Claude Pepper, Ileana immediately began working to enhance the lives of her constituents and make South Florida a better place. From working to strengthen the South Florida economy to fighting for additional funding for our local Coast Guard, Ileana’s work can easily be seen across our community. A founding member of the Congressional Hispanic Conference, Ileana presently serves as Vice-Chair. The Conference’s main objective is to promote legislation that addresses issues affecting the Hispanic community.
"No matter where you are from, no matter what your background is, no matter what your socioeconomic status is, every person can achieve his or her dreams."
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